COMMERCE
UGC NET Commerce Paper II and Paper III ( A
) ( Core Group ) :
Unit-I :
Business Environment :
Meaning and Elements of Business
Environment.
Economic environment, Economic Policies,
Economic Planning.
Legal environment of Business in India,
Competition policy, Consumer protection, Environment protection.
Policy Environment : Liberalization
Privatisation and globalisation, Second generation reforms, Industrial policy
and implementation. Industrial growth and structural changes.
Unit-II :
Financial & Management Accounting :
Basic Accounting concepts, Capital and
Revenue, Financial statements.
Partnership Accounts : Admission,
Retirement, Death, Dissolution and Cash Distribution.
Advanced Company Accounts : Issue,
forfeiture, Purchase of Business, Liquidation, Valuation of shares,
Amalgamation, Absorption and Reconstruction, Holding Company Accounts.
Cost and Management Accounting : Ratio
Analysis, Funds Flow Analysis, Cash Flow Analysis, Marginal costing and
Break-even analysis, Standard costing, -Budgetary control, Costing for
decision-making Responsibility accounting.
Unit-III :
Business Economics :
Nature and uses of Business economics.
Concept of Profit and Wealth maximization. Demand Analysis and Elasticity of
Demand, Indifference Curve Analysis, Law.
Utility Analysis and Laws of Returns and
Law of variable proportions.
Cost, Revenue, Price determination in
different market situations : Perfect competition, Monopolistic
competition, Monopoly, Price discrimination and Oligopoly, Pricing strategies.
Unit-IV :
Business Statistics & Data Processing :
Data types, Data collection and analysis,
sampling, need, errors and methods of sampling, Normal distribution,
Hypothesis testing, Analysis and Interpretation of Data.
Correlation and Regression, small sample
tests : t-test, F-test and chi-square test.
Data processing : Elements, Data
entry, Data processing and Computer applications.
Computer Application to Functional Areas : Accounting,
Inventory control, Marketing.
Unit-V :
Business Management :
Principles of Management.
Planning : Objectives, Strategies,
Planning process, Decision-making.
Organising, Organisational structure,
Formal and Informal organisations, Organisational culture.
Staffing
Leading : Motivation, Leadership,
Committees, Communication.
Controlling
Corporate Governance and Business Ethics.
Unit-VI :
Marketing Management :
The evolution of marketing, Concepts of
marketing, Marketing mix, Marketing environment.
Consumer behaviour, Market segmentation.
Product decisions
Pricing decisions
Distribution decisions
Promotion decisions
Marketing planning, Organising and Control.
Unit-VII :
Financial Management :
Capital Structure, Financial and Operating
leverage.
Cost of capital, Capital budgeting.
Working capital management
Dividend Policy
Unit-VIII :
Human Resources Management :
Concepts, Role and Functions of Human
Resource management.
Human Resource Planning, Recruitment and
Selection.
Training and Development, Succession
Planning.
Compensation : Wage and Salary
Administration, Incentive and Fringe benefits, Morale and Productivity.
Performance Appraisal
Industrial Relations in India, Health,
Safety, Welfare and Social security, Workers’ Participation in Management.
Unit-IX :
Banking and Financial Institution :
Importance of Banking to Business, Types of
Banks and Their Functions, Reserve Bank of India, NABARD and Rural Banking.
Banking Sector Reform in India, NPA,
Capital adequacy norms.
E-banking
Development Banking : IDBI, IFCI,
SFCs, UTI, SIDBI.
Unit-X :
International Business :
Theoretical foundations of international
business, Balance of Payments.
International liquidity, International
Economic Institutions : IMF, World Bank IFC, IDA, ADB.
World Trade Organisation-its functions and
policies.
Structure of India’s foreign trade : Composition
and direction, EXIM Bank, EXIM Policy of India, Regulation and promotion of
Foreign Trade.
Paper-III (B) ( Elective / Optional ) :
Elective-I : Accounting and Finance
Accounting standards in India, Inflation
Accounting, Human Resource Accounting, Responsibility Accounting, Social
Accounting.
Money and Capital market, Working of stock
exchanges in India, NSE, OTCEI, NASDAQ, Derivatives and Options.
Regulatory Authorities : SEBI, Rating
Agencies; New Instruments; GDRs, ADRs.
Venture Capital Funds, Mergers and
Acquisitions, Mutual Funds, Lease Financing, Factoring, Measurement of risk and
returns securities and portfolios.
Computer Application in Accounting and
Finance.
Elective-II : Marketing
Marketing Tasks, Concepts and Tools,
Marketing Environment.
Consumer Behaviour and Market Segmentation.
Product decisions
Pricing decisions
Distribution decisions
Promotion decisions
Marketing Researchs
On-line marketing
Direct Marketing; Social, ethical and legal
aspects of marketing in India.
Elective-III : Human Resource
Management
Concept; Role and Functions of Human
Resource Management.
Human Resource Planning, Job analysis, Job
description and specifications, Use of Job analysis information, Recruitment
and Selection.
Training and Development, Succession
Planning.
Compensation : Wage and Salary
administration, Incentives and Fringe benefits, Morale and Productivity.
Appraisal Performance
Industrial Relations in India, Health,
Safety, Welfare and Social Security, Workers participation in Management.
Elective-IV : International Business
Foreign Direct Investment and Multinational
Corporations-MNCs Culture, MNCs and LDCs, Joint Ventures.
Regional Economic Integration : SAARC,
ASEAN, EC, NAFTA.
India and WTO, Intellectual Property
Rights.
Foreign Exchange : Exchange rate,
Mechanism, Risk management, Transfer of international payments, Convertibility
of Rupee, Current and Capital Accounts; Issues and Perceptions, Derivatives and
Futures.
Foreign investment Institutions;
Instruments : GDRs, ADRs, FIIs-their role in Indian Capital Market.
Elective-V : Income-tax Law and Tax
Planning
Basic concepts, Residential status and tax
incidence, exempted incomes, computation of taxable income under various heads.
Computation of taxable income of
individuals and firms.
Deduction of tax, filing of returns,
different types of assessment; Defaults and penalties.
Tax Planning : Concept, significance
and problems of tax planning, Tax evasion and tax avoidance, methods of tax
planning.
Tax considerations in specific business decisions,
viz., make or buy; own or lease, retain or replace; export or domestic sales;
shut-down or closure; expand or contract; invest or disinvest.
Computer Application in Income tax and Tax
planning.